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MYSQL


MySQL is the most popular open-source database system.

What is MySQL?

MySQL is a database.
The data in MySQL is stored in database objects called tables.
A table is a collection of related data entries and it consists of columns and rows.
Databases are useful when storing information categorically. A company may have a database with the following tables: "Employees", "Products", "Customers" and "Orders".

Introduction

For many people, the main reson for learning a scripting language like PHP is because of the interaction with databases it can offer. In this tutorial I will show you how to use PHP and the MySQL database to store information on the web and include it into your website. Before you read this tutorial you should have at least a basic knowledge of how to use PHP. If you do not yet know PHP, I suggest that you read our PHP tutorial before continuing.
Why Would I Want A Database?
it is actually surprising how useful a database can be when used with a website. There are a huge variety of things you can do when you interact the two, from displaying simple lists to running a complete website from a database. Some examples of PHP and MySQL being used together are:





  • Banner Rotation. On this site, where each banner is, a PHP script is called. This opens a database and picks a random banner from it to show the visitor. It also counts the number of times the banner has been viewed and could, with a few changes, track clicks too. To add, change or edit the banners all I have to do is change the database and the script will pick the correct banners for all the pages on the site.





  • Forums. Hundreds of forums (message boards) on the internet are run using PHP and MySQL. These are much more efficent than other systems that create a page for each message and offer a wide variety of options. All the pages in the forum can be updated by changing one script.





  • Databases. One quite obvious example is sites which get all there information from a database. For example Script Avenue is run by a few scripts, which gain all their information from a large database. All the different script categories can be accessed in one script by just changing the URL to access a different part of the database.





  • Websites. If you have a large website and you want to change the design it can take a very long time to update and upload all the pages. With PHP and MySQL your whole website could be just one or two PHP scripts. These would access a MySQL database to get the information for the pages. To update the website's design you would just have to change one page.




    • What Do I Need?

    You only really need three things to run PHP scripts which access MySQL databases. Firstly, you will, of course, need a webserver. This can either be on a computer of your own or on a web host. Any web server software should work with PHP and MySQL but the best to use is Apache, which is free.

    PHP also needs to be installed on the server. If it is not already installed you can install it (or ask your web host to install it). It can be downloaded from PHP.net and is also free. If you are not sure if you have PHP installed I will show you a way to check it later.

    Finally, you will also require MySQL. This is the actual database software. You can also use most other types of database (SQL, Oracle etc.) but as this is a PHP/MySQL tutorial I will deal just now with the MySQL database (although the commands used here will also work with SQL databases). As with the other software you need, MySQL is free and can be downloaded from the MySQL homepage. If you are not sure if you have MySQL installed, I will show you how to check later.

    If you cannot install (or your web host won't allow) PHP and MySQL you can still use another web host. Freedom2Surf are a free (banner supported) web host and support PHP and have MySQL installed. HostRocket are an excellent web host and can offer you 300MB of space with PHP, MySQL and loads of other extras for under $10 a month.

    Testing For PHP and MySQL

    There is a simple test for both PHP and MySQL. Open a text editor and type in the following:

    <?
    phpinfo();
    ?>
    and save it as phpinfo.php

    Now upload this to your webspace and go to i
    t in your browser. If you have PHP installed you will see a huge page with all the details of your PHP installation on it. Next, scroll down through all this information. If you find a section about MySQL then you will know that MySQL is installed.

    Managing Databases

    Although all the database administrative options can be done through PHP scripts, I strongly suggest installing a copy of PHPMyAdmin on your server. It is an excellent free set of scripts that will provide you with an administrative interface for your MySQL database(s). You can add, remove, edit, backup and view your databases using this and it is especially useful when troubleshooting your databases.

    This Tutorial

    Throughout this tutorial I will be showing you some of the basics of using PHP and MySQL together. To do this I will be using an example all the way through. As you use this tutorial, you will learn how to create a web based contact management program. It will allow you to store names with their addresses, e-mail and phone numbers. You will be able to update records and search the database. There will even be an option which allows you to send an e-mail out to all the people in the database (please note: this system should not be used for spam or unsolicited e-mail).

    After creating this system you should have enough knowledge to go on and create nearly any type of database enabled site you want to.

    Part 2

    In part 2 I will show you how to set up your database in MySQL.


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